Phlebotomy: Step-by-Step Process (Blood collection procedure)

 

Phlebotomy: Step-by-Step Process

Phlebotomy is the process of drawing blood for medical testing, transfusions, or donations. Below is a step-by-step guide:

1. Preparation

• Gather necessary supplies: gloves, tourniquet, alcohol swab, needle, vacutainer, gauze, and bandage.
• Verify patient identity and explain the procedure.
• Wash hands and wear gloves.

2. Selecting the Vein

• Apply a tourniquet 3-4 inches above the venipuncture site.
• Ask the patient to make a fist to make veins more visible.
• Choose a suitable vein (median cubital vein is preferred).

3. Cleaning the Site

• Clean the selected area with an alcohol swab in a circular motion.
• Allow the skin to air dry to prevent contamination.

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4. Performing Venipuncture

• Hold the needle at a 15-30° angle and insert it into the vein.
• Attach a vacutainer tube and allow blood to flow.
• Fill the required amount of blood into the tube.

5. Removing the Needle

• Once the tube is filled, remove the tourniquet.
• Gently remove the needle and immediately apply gauze over the site.
• Ask the patient to apply pressure to prevent bleeding.

6. Post-Procedure Care

• Dispose of the needle in a sharps container.
• Label the blood sample correctly.
• Apply a bandage to the puncture site.
• Ensure the patient feels well before leaving.