Ultrasonography (USG) Procedure: Step-by-Step Guide

VIDEO ULTRASONOGRAPHY

Ultrasonography (USG) Procedure: Step-by-Step Guide

Ultrasonography (USG) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to create images of internal organs, tissues, and blood flow. Below is a step-by-step guide to the procedure:

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Step 1: Preparation

• Patient Instructions: The patient may need to fast for 6-8 hours (for abdominal ultrasound) or have a full bladder (for pelvic ultrasound).
• Clothing: The patient is asked to wear a gown and remove any jewelry or accessories.
• Positioning: The patient lies down on an examination table, depending on the area to be scanned.

       

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Step 2: Application of Gel

• A water-based ultrasound gel is applied to the skin over the area to be examined.
• The gel helps in transmitting sound waves and eliminating air gaps between the probe and skin.

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Step 3: Scanning with Transducer

• A transducer (probe) is moved over the gel-coated skin.
• The transducer emits ultrasound waves that penetrate tissues and bounce back as echoes.
• The echoes are converted into real-time images on the ultrasound screen.

       

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Step 4: Image Acquisition and Observation

• The sonographer adjusts the transducer’s position to get clear images.
• Measurements and observations are taken to assess structures, movement, or blood flow (in Doppler ultrasound).
• If needed, additional angles or pressure may be applied for better visualization.

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Step 5: Special Types of USG (If Required)

• Doppler Ultrasound: Evaluates blood flow in arteries and veins.
• Transvaginal/Transrectal Ultrasound: Requires insertion of a special probe into the vagina (for female reproductive organs) or rectum (for prostate imaging).
• Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound: Uses contrast agents for detailed imaging.

        

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Step 6: Completion of Procedure

• The gel is wiped off the skin.
• The patient can resume normal activities unless advised otherwise.
• The ultrasound images are reviewed by a radiologist for diagnosis.

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Step 7: Report and Follow-Up

• A detailed ultrasound report is prepared and sent to the doctor.
• Based on the findings, further tests or treatments may be recommended.